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Facts about Andorra

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Andorra claims a literacy rate of 100 percent.

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Andorra consists of seven communities known as parishes.

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Francoist troops reached the Andorran border in the later stages of the war.

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Responsibility for defending Andorra rests with Spain and France.

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Two writers renowned in Catalonia and the region, Michиle Gazier and Ramon Villerу, both come from Andorra.

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Andorra had a stable population during the Roman era.

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The only two graduate schools in Andorra are the Nursing School and the School of Computer Science.

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Andorra's main legislative body is the 28-member unicameral General Council of the Valleys.

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Andorra's climate is similar to its neighbors' temperate climates, but its higher altitude means there is on average more snow in winter and it is slightly cooler in summer.

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Andorra declared war on Imperial Germany during World War I but did not actually take part in the fighting.

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The Andorran elite wear well-known international brands, and have access to luxury Rolls-Royce, Mercedes Benz, Audi, and BMW cars.

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Andorra lacks a currency of its own and uses that of its two surrounding nations.

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The seat of the Andorran parliament is a sixteenth-century palace-fortress built in stone.

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Parties in 2007 included the Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD), Century 21, the Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA, and the Social Democratic Party.

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On July 12, 1934, an adventurer named Boris Skossyreff issued a proclamation in Urgell, declaring himself Boris I, sovereign prince of Andorra, simultaneously declaring war on the bishop of Urgell.

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Marriages between Andorrans and Spaniards or French are normal, and couples tend to marry within their class.

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The name "Andorra" is of unknown origin but (according to Joan Coromines) clearly pre-Roman.

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The Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley is a glacial valley in the southeast of Andorra.

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Temperatures at Andorra la Vella range from an average of around 30°F (-1°C) in January and 68°F (20°C) in July.

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In 1933 France occupied Andorra as a result of social unrest before elections.

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The isolated valley is recognized as a haven for rare or endangered wildlife, and the undeveloped valley is considered to be the "spiritual heart" of Andorra.

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From 1936 to 1940, a French detachment was garrisoned in Andorra to prevent influences of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's Spain.

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A system of French, Spanish and Andorran lay schools provide education up to the secondary level.

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The most important event in Andorran cultural life is the Escaldes-Engordany international jazz festival, where stars such as Miles Davis, Fats Domino and B.B.

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Most of the other 15 or so subspecies of the common raccoon differ only slightly from each other in coat color, size, and other physical characteristics.

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The parishes are: Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, and Sant Juliа de Lтria.

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After Henry of Navarre became King Henry IV of France, he issued an edict (1607) that established the head of the French state and the Bishop of Urgell as co-princes of Andorra.

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An estimated nine million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts.

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Andorran folk music has similarities to all of its neighbors, but is especially Catalan in character, especially in the presence of dances like the sardana.

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Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of adjoining France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs.

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Other Andorran folk dances include contrapаs in Andorra la Vella and Saint Anne's dance in Escaldes-Engordany.

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Andorra has a number of ski resorts, and competes in tennis and in the Olympic Games.

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Antoni Fiter i Rossell, from the parish of Ordino, wrote a history entitled Digest manual de las valls neutras de Andorra in 1748, describing the feudal historical and legal setting of Andorra.

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Schools are built and maintained by Andorran authorities, but teachers are paid predominately by France or Spain.

image: owegoo.com
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Andorra was part of a buffer states created by Charlemagne to keep the Islamic Moors from advancing into Christian France.

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About 50 percent of Andorran children attend the French primary schools, and the rest attend Spanish or Andorran schools.

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Courts apply the customary laws of Andorra, supplemented with Roman law and customary Catalan law.

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Andorra is home to folk dances like the contrapаs and marratxa, which survive in Sant Juliа de Lтria especially.

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Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra, is one of the smallest states in Europe.

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Before 1993, Andorra's political system had no clear division of powers into executive, legislative, and judicial branches.

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The capital Andorra la Vella, with a population of 22,035 in 2004, is located high in the east Pyrenees between France and Spain.

image: c8.alamy.com
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A constitution was ratified and approved in 1993 which establishes Andorra as a sovereign parliamentary democracy that retains as its heads of state a co-principality (or duumvirate), but the head of government retains executive power.

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Andorra has a Chamber Orchestra directed by the violinist Gйrard Claret, and stages an international singing contest supported by Montserrat Caballй.

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Tradition holds that Charlemagne (747-814) granted a charter to the Andorran people in return for their fighting the Moors.

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Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80 percent of GDP.

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Andorra's young democracy is in the process of redefining its political party system.

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The most famous Andorran player is Albert Celades who has played for both FC Barcelona and Real Madrid.

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In 2004, Andorra participated in the Eurovision Song Contest for the first time.

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The cuisine of Andorra is based on meat, garden vegetables, and some fish.

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Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an European Union member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.

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Andorra was also annexed and made part of the district of Puigcerdа (dйpartement of Sиgre).

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Later, the Count of Foix became heir to the Lord of Caboet through marriage, and a dispute arose between the French Count and the Catalan bishop over Andorra.

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Andorra's long history has provided it with a rich folklore and an abundance of folk tales, with roots originating as far as Andalusia in the south and the Netherlands in the north.

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Andorra has a "mountain style" of architecture which required 30 percent of any facade be constructed of stone masonry.

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Andorran society, with its strong rural origins, maintained segregated gender roles until the late twentieth century, with men taking all public roles.

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Andorra was a new country in international football (soccer) in 2007, and the national team had existed for less than ten years.

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Andorra was briefly annexed to Aragon twice, in 1396 and 1512.