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Facts about Gas

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Boyle's law describes this behavior, stating that for a given mass of gas at a fixed temperature the product of pressure and volume is constant.

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Clouds and fog, both made up of water vapor (the gas phase of water).

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Following this, gas theory as it is known began to appear.

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The behavior of a quantum Boltzmann gas is the same as that of a classical ideal gas except for the specification of these constants.

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Gases are also used in chemical warfare as a terror weapon, meant to instill confusion and panic among the enemy.

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Gas is one of the four major states or phases of matter, along with solid, liquid, and plasma.

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Water is the classic example material representing the phase changes between solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam).

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Air is a mixture of gases, composed largely of nitrogen and diatomic oxygen (O2).

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Dichlorethylsulphide, or mustard gas, for example, was used in World War I, producing large burn-like blisters wherever it came in contact with skin.

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Both are essentially the same, except that the classical thermodynamic ideal gas is based on classical thermodynamics alone, and certain thermodynamic parameters such as the entropy are only specified to within an undetermined additive constant.

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The reason is that Brownian Motion involves a smooth drag due to the frictional force of many gas molecules, punctuated by violent collisions of an individual (or several) gas molecule(s) with the particle.

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Around the turn of the century, it is reported that he broadcast signals across the English Channel and, shortly thereafter, Marconi radiotelegraphed the letter "S" across the Atlantic Ocean from England to Newfoundland.

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Prior to 1727, it was still thought that gases were generally of the same nature as regular atmospheric air.

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Gas particles are normally well separated, as opposed to liquid particles, which are in contact.

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The noble gases or inert gases (elements in group 18) are commonly used in lighting.

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Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone, all contribute to the greenhouse effect, or the warming of Earth's atmosphere.

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The ideal gas law is an extension of experimentally discovered gas laws.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released into the atmosphere when carbon-containing fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal are burned; humans also naturally produce the gas through respiration when they breathe.

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Real fluids at low density and high temperature, approximate the behavior of a classical ideal gas.

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Beginning in the mid-1850s, the kinetic theory of gas began to rise in popularity.

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An ideal gas of bosons (for example, a photon gas) will be governed by Bose-Einstein statistics and the distribution of energy will be in the form of a Bose-Einstein distribution.

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The thermodynamic properties of an ideal gas can be described by two equations.

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Cooling the gas will eventually cause it to liquefy or, in some cases, to solidify.

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Nitrous oxide is also used in laughing gas, an anesthetic.

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The kinetic energy per molecule in a gas is the second greatest of the states of matter (after plasma).

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From the 1770s until the 1850s, the caloric theory was the commonly accepted theory on gas behavior.

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The molecules of an ideal gas are often compared to billiard balls, in that both are rigid, elastic spheres.

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Atoms or molecules in the gaseous state basically move independently of one another, with no forces keeping them together or pushing them apart.

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Ozone (O3) is a form of elemental oxygen gases, occurring naturally in small amounts in the Earth's stratosphere, 15-55 km above the Earth's surface).

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The approximation really breaks down at high pressures and low temperatures, where the intermolecular forces play a greater role in determining the properties of the gas.

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Following the second law of thermodynamics, gas particles will immediately diffuse to homogeneously distribute themselves throughout any any shape or volume of space defined by a material boundary or potential energy barrier.

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An ideal gas or perfect gas is a hypothetical gas consisting of a very large number of identical particles, each of zero volume, uniformly distributed in density, with no intermolecular forces.

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where ? is the thermal de Broglie wavelength of the gas and g is the degeneracy of states.

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Methane, the main component of natural gas, is commonly used as a fuel after commercial synthesization through the distillation of bituminous coal and heating with a mixture of carbon and hydrogen.

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The classical ideal gas can be separated into two types: The classical thermodynamic ideal gas and the ideal quantum Boltzmann gas.

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The ideal quantum Boltzmann gas overcomes this limitation by taking the limit of the quantum Bose gas and quantum Fermi gas in the limit of high temperature to specify these additive constants.

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Matter in the gas state characteristically has no independent shape or volume and tends to expand to fill any size or shape of container.

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Another example of gas in chemical warfare is hydrogen cyanide (HCN), infamously employed by the Nazi regime in World War II as a method of mass murder.

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Aerosol spray propellant, used in whipped cream canisters or cooking spray, is a gas.

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Most typically, it is mixed with smaller amounts of propylene, butane and butylene, and sold as liquified petroleum gas (LPG).

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Real gases do not exhibit these exact properties, although the approximation is often good enough to describe real gases, except at very high pressures and very low temperatures.

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Charles' law states that for a given mass of gas, if the pressure is kept constant, the volume increases linearly with the temperature.

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Avogadro's law states that at constant temperature, pressure times volume will have the same value for all gases, provided they contain the same number of molecules.

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Elements that exist as gases at the normal conditions of temperature and pressure on the earth play many valuable roles for living systems and the environment.

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The particle (generally consisting of millions or billions of atoms) thus moves in a jagged course, yet not so jagged as one would expect to find if one could examine an individual gas molecule.

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A material particle (say a dust mote) in a gas moves in Brownian Motion, the ceaseless movement of finely divided particles in suspension.

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The results of the quantum Boltzmann gas are used in a number of cases including the Sackur-Tetrode equation for the entropy of an ideal gas and the Saha ionization equation for a weakly-ionized plasma.

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Gas exists in the middle of a heating continuum in which heating the gas can cause its atoms or molecules to become (wholly or partially) ionized, turning the gas into a plasma.

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Like liquids and plasma, gases are flowing and free moving fluids: they have the ability to flow and do not tend to return to their former configuration after deformation, although they do have viscosity.

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Propelled by his success and the encouragement of his comrades, Ovid began to undertake more ambitious poems: the Metamorphoses and the Fasti ("Calendar").

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An ideal gas of fermions will be governed by Fermi-Dirac statistics and the distribution of energy will be in the form of a Fermi-Dirac distribution.

The atoms and molecules in gases are much more spread out than in solids or liquids. They vibrate and move freely at high speeds. A gas will fill any container, but if the container is not sealed, the gas will escape. Gas can be compressed much more easily than a liquid or solid.Jun 22, 2014

They are different and unique from the other states of matter. Plasma is different from a gas, because it is made up of groups of positively and negatively charged particles. In neon gas, the electrons are all bound to the nucleus. In neon plasma, the electrons are free to move around the system.

The molecules of liquids have a moderate force of attraction; the force between molecules is less than solids and more than gases. ... Liquids take the shape of the container they are stored in as the molecules move to fill the space. They have no definite shape and have the ability to flow.Feb 14, 2012

Differences between solids, liquids and gases. Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of atoms, molecules and ions, but the behaviours of these particles differ in the three phases of solid, liquid and gas. ... Solids always take up the same amount of space. They do not spread out like gases.

Many people believe that the visible plume of steam from a boiling kettle is water vapor. However, the steam that you see consists of very small water droplets suspended in the air, while water vapor is the invisible gas that results when water evaporates.

Oxygen is also a pure gas because it is made of one type of item; however, it is an elemental molecule. Pure gases may also be compound molecules, which are comprised of a bunch of different atoms. For example, carbon dioxide would be considered a pure gas but it is also a compound molecule.

Gases are also what can make farts smell bad. Tiny amounts of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane combine with hydrogen sulfide (say: SUHL-fyde) and ammonia (say: uh-MOW-nyuh) in the large intestine to give gas its smell.

Eleven elements-hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon-exist as a gas under standard pressure and temperature. Depending on the element, when the temperature or pressure is raised or lowered, then they will shift into another state. ... One example is pure oxygen.

Have you wondered why there are three types of gas sold at each gas station? Which one is the best suitable gasoline grade for your car 87 (Regular gas), 89 (Plus gas) or 92 (Premium gas)and why? The classification of gasoline is based on their "octane" ratings.

The foundation gives slang names for a bevy of drugs, from codeine to crack cocaine, and all of them sound like they were invented by desperate narcotics agents or pulled from the New York Times' famously misguided dictionary of "grunge speak." MDMA, for instance, is known as Essence, love pill, and California sunrise.Jan 28, 2015

Neon is a member of the noble gas family. ... The noble gases are sometimes called the inert gases. This name comes from the fact that these elements do not react very readily. In fact, compounds exist for only three noble gases—krypton, radon, and xenon.

physics. Gas laws, Laws that relate the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas. Boyle's law—named for Robert Boyle—states that, at constant temperature, the pressure P of a gas varies inversely with its volume V, or PV = k, where k is a constant.

Gases have three characteristic properties: (1) they are easy to compress, (2) they expand to fill their containers, and (3) they occupy far more space than the liquids or solids from which they form. An internal combustion engine provides a good example of the ease with which gases can be compressed.

Gas collects in two main ways. Swallowing air while you eat or drink can cause oxygen and nitrogen to collect in the digestive tract. Second, as you digest food, digestive gases such as hydrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide collect. Either method can cause flatulence.Mar 2, 2016

Avoid Foods Known to Cause Gas. One way to manage flatulence and belching is to eat fewer of the well-known gassy foods. ... Drink Before Meals. ... Eat and Drink Slowly. ... Take Over-the-Counter Digestive Aids. ... Try Activated Charcoal. ... Don't Fill Up on Air. ... Avoid Artificial Sweeteners.

If no medical condition is causing the problem, preventing gas may best be accomplished by altering lifestyle habits and diet:Sit down during each meal and eat slowly.Try not to take in too much air while you eat and talk.Stop chewing gum.Avoid soda and other carbonated beverages.Avoid smoking.More items...

So burping or passing gas after meals doesn't mean that you suffer from excessive gas — what you're experiencing is normal. Considerably more gas than that, or constant bloating or pain, may signify excessive gas. Gas can occur due to the foods that you eat or because you take in too much air while eating.Jun 30, 2009

You can reduce belching if you:Eat and drink slowly. Taking your time can help you swallow less air. ... Avoid carbonated drinks and beer. They release carbon dioxide gas.Skip the gum and hard candy. ... Don't smoke. ... Check your dentures. ... Get moving. ... Treat heartburn.

Mars is one of the four terrestrial planets. Mercury, Venus, and Earth are the other three. All of the terrestrial planets are made up of rock and metals. The remaining planets are classified as the outer gas giants.Jun 16, 2010

Second only in size to Jupiter, Saturn is made mainly of the light gases hydrogen and helium. 764 Earths would fit inside Saturn, but the gas giant weighs only 95 times as much as our rocky world. If you could put all of the planets in a pool of water, Saturn is the only one that would float.

There are the inner, rocky terrestrial planets and then the outer gas giants. Venus is a terrestrial planet. The terrestrial planets are the 4 inner rocky worlds in the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. ... But compare a terrestrial world like Venus to the gas giants like Saturn and Jupiter.Jun 16, 2010

Venus is made up of a central iron core and a rocky mantle, similar to the composition of Earth. Its atmosphere is mainly made up of carbon dioxide (96%) and nitrogen (3%), with small amounts of other gases.

A gas chamber is an apparatus for killing humans or animals with gas, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced. The most commonly used poisonous agent is hydrogen cyanide; carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide have also been used.

Without the atmosphere, Earth would be lifeless. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) are the most important gases for living organisms. CO2 is vital for use by plants in photosynthesis, in which plants use CO2 and water to convert the Sun's energy into food energy.

Many environmentalists view natural gas as a natural bridge fuel between the dominant fossil fuels of today and the renewable fuels of tomorrow. For a given amount of heat energy, burning natural gas produces about half as much carbon dioxide, the main cause of global warming, as burning coal.

Lying 30 to 50 times as far from the sun as Earth, Pluto's composition bears a greater resemblance to the rocky terrestrial planets than the gas giants that are its neighbors. New Horizons revealed that the surface of the dwarf planet appears to be dominated by nitrogen ice, with methane and carbon mixed in.Feb 19, 2016

The Vancouver Province reports that according to MJ Ervin & Associates' most recent weekly survey of fuel prices in Canada, regular gas was averaging 127.6 cents a litre in Vancouver last week, the fifth-highest price in Canada after Labrador City (130.9), Timmins (128.9), Yellowknife (128.4) and Montreal (127.8).Mar 9, 2011

We've done some research and have found that when the Canadian dollar is around par with the U.S. dollar and the exchange rate is taken into account, buying gas in the U.S. can be 20% - 25% cheaper than buying gas in Canada, so it's worth it to buy your gas in the U.S. if you live near the border or are driving to the ...