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Facts about Manganese

Manganese

Paints that were pigmented with manganese dioxide (manganese(IV) oxide) can be traced back 17,000 years.

Manganese

Manganese is very brittle, fusible with difficulty, but easily oxidized.

Manganese

At low concentrations, manganese is used to decolorize glass, as it removes the greenish tinge generated by the presence of iron; at higher concentrations, it is used to make violet-colored glass.

Manganese

Among its other uses, manganese is a key component of low-cost stainless steel formulations and certain widely used aluminum alloys.

Manganese

Manganese combines with various other elements in different proportions.

Manganese

Manganese dioxide, a component of natural umber, is useful as a black-brown pigment in paint.

Manganese

Manganese compounds can color glass an amethyst color, and are responsible for the color of true amethyst.

Manganese

In chemistry, manganese is considered a transition metal.

Manganese

On rare occasions, manganese is used in coins.

Manganese

The best-known manganese-containing polypeptides (protein-like chains) may be arginase, Mn-containing superoxide dismutase, and the diphtheria toxin.

Manganese

Manganese (chemical symbol Mn, atomic number 25) is a gray-white metal that combines with other elements in various proportions.

Manganese

By the mid-eighteenth century, manganese dioxide was in use in the manufacture of chlorine.

Manganese

Some speculate that the exceptional hardness of Spartan steels derives from the inadvertent production of an iron-manganese alloy.

Manganese

A form of Parkinson's disease-type neurodegeneration called "manganism" has been linked to manganese exposure among miners and smelters since the early nineteenth century.

Manganese

Manganese (from the Latin word magnes, meaning "magnet") was in use in prehistoric times, in the form of its compounds.

Manganese

The Egyptians and Romans used manganese compounds in glass-making, to either remove color from glass or add color to it.

image: geology.com
Manganese

Naturally occurring manganese consists of one stable isotope: 55Mn.

Manganese

The +3 oxidation state is also known, in compounds such as manganese(III) acetate—these are quite powerful oxidizing agents.

image: dwb5.unl.edu
Manganese

After special treatment, manganese metal becomes ferromagnetic—that is, it acquires the "normal" form of magnetism that most people are familiar with.

Manganese

The only U.S. coins to use manganese were the "wartime" nickel (1942–1945) and the Sacagawea dollar (2000–present).

Manganese

The greatest demand for manganese is for the production of iron and steel.

Manganese

In 1816, it was noted that adding manganese to iron made it harder, without making it any more brittle.

Manganese

Around the beginning of the nineteenth century, scientists began exploring the use of manganese in steelmaking, and patents were granted for its use at the time.

Manganese

Manganese occurs principally as the mineral pyrolusite (manganese(IV) oxide, MnO2), and to a lesser extent as rhodochrosite (manganese(II) carbonate, MnCO3).

image: geology.com
Manganese

Manganese (in the form of manganese ions) is an essential trace nutrient in all known forms of life.

Manganese

Manganese dioxide, besides being a useful pigment, is a catalyst and a component of certain dry cell batteries.

Manganese

The oxidation states of manganese are known to range from +1 to +7, but the most common ones are +2, +3, +4, +6, and +7.

Manganese

Manganese is part of the iron group of elements that are thought to be synthesized in large stars shortly before supernova explosion.

Manganese

Vast quantities of manganese exist in manganese nodules on the ocean floor, but attempts to find economically viable methods of harvesting manganese nodules were abandoned in the 1970s.

Manganese

Exposure to manganese dusts and fumes should not exceed the upper limit of five milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) for even short periods because of its toxicity level.

Manganese

On the other hand, excess manganese is toxic.

Manganese

In 1912, patents were issued in the United States for methods of using manganese for "Parkerizing" (electrochemical conversion coating of) firearms to protect them from rust and corrosion.

Manganese

Manganese can be found in the iron ores used by the Spartans.

Manganese

In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer that he called "The Analytical Engine".

Manganese

The isotopes of manganese range in atomic weight from 46 atomic mass units (amu) (46Mn) to 65 amu (65Mn).

Manganese

Given that 53Mn decays to 53Cr, manganese isotopic contents are typically combined with chromium isotopic contents and have found application in isotope geology and radiometric dating.

Manganese

Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the first to recognize that manganese was an element, and his colleague, Johan Gottlieb Gahn, isolated the pure element in 1774 by reduction of the dioxide with carbon.

Manganese

Manganese(IV) oxide (manganese dioxide, MnO2) is used in dry cells, and can be used to decolorize glass that is polluted by trace amounts of iron.

Manganese

Manganese has no satisfactory substitute in its major applications.

image: rruff.info
Manganese

The technique known as manganese phosphating (or Parkerizing) is used to prevent the rusting and corrosion of steel.

Manganese

Steeplechasing involves racing on a track where the horses also jump over obstacles.

Manganese

The most stable oxidation state for manganese is +2, and many manganese(II) compounds are known, such as manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO4) and manganese(II) chloride (MnCl2).

Manganese

In 2005, a study suggested a possible link between manganese inhalation and central nervous system toxicity in rats.

image: www.nih.gov

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