Iran also provided asylum for over one million Iraqi refugees who had been uprooted as a result of the Persian Gulf War (1990–1991).
The Bermuda Conference, Evian Conference, and other attempts failed to resolve the problem of Jewish refugees from Europe.
By this time borders were fixed, travel documents were required, and large numbers of refugees were often not welcome.
Large numbers of Vietnamese refugees came into existence after 1975 when South Vietnam fell to the communist forces.
The IRO was a temporary organization of the United Nations (UN), which itself had been founded in 1945, with a mandate to largely finish the UNRRA's work of repatriating or resettling European refugees.
By the end of 2004, that number had dropped to under three million refugees.
The Nansen Office was plagued by inadequate funding, rising numbers of refugees and the refusal by League members to let the Office assist their own citizens.
According to this study, refugees resettled in Western countries could be about ten times more likely to have PTSD than age-matched general populations in those countries.
Children and youth constitute approximately fifty percent of all refugees worldwide.
The lead international agency coordinating refugee protection is the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
Many Palestinians had already become refugees, and the Palestinian Exodus (Nakba) continued through the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and after the armistice that ended it.
A refugee camp is a place built by governments or NGOs (such as the ICRC) to receive refugees.
Regardless, it managed to convince fourteen nations to sign the Refugee Convention of 1933, a weak human right instrument, and assist over one million refugees.
In 1930, the Nansen International Office for Refugees was established as a successor agency to the Commission.
Apart from physical wounds or starvation, a large percentage of refugees develops symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depression.
Despite the efforts of refugee organizations, there have continued to be serious problems with the large numbers of refugees needed new homes.
Many refugees in Africa cross into neighboring countries to find haven; often, African countries are simultaneously countries of origin for refugees and countries of asylum for other refugees.
The first international coordination on refugee affairs was by the League of Nations' High Commission for Refugees.
The agency is mandated to lead and co-ordinate international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide.
Little action was taken to resolve the situation and the crisis did not end until Rwanda-supported rebels forced the refugees back across the border in the beginning of the First Congo War.
Conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq have also produced large numbers of refugees.
Worldwide, tens of thousands of refugees and former refugees resettled in Western countries probably have post-traumatic stress disorder.
UNHCR provides protection and assistance not only to refugees, but also to other categories of displaced or needy people.
The problem of refugees will be solved when we break down these barriers and learn to live in peace and harmony as one human family.
Over the next several years, the mandate was expanded to include Assyrians and Turkish refugees.
The number of refugees in Africa increased from nearly nine hundred thousand in 1968 to close to seven million by 1992.
The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) set up refugee camps in neighboring countries to process the boat people.
Environmental refugees (people displaced because of environmental problems such as drought) are not included in the definition of "refugee" under international law, as well as internally displaced people.
The great majority have remained refugees for generations as they were not permitted to return to their homes or to settle in the Arab countries where they lived.
The situation in Iraq at the beginning of the twenty-first century has generated millions of refugees and internally displaced persons.
On 31 December 1938, both the Nansen Office and High Commission were dissolved and replaced by the Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees under the Protection of the League.
When people must leave their homeland becoming refugees, there is always a terrible sense of loss, a deep suffering.
Between the end of World War II and the erection of the Berlin Wall in 1961, more than three million refugees from East Germany traveled to West Germany for asylum from the Soviet occupation.
The majority of refugees who leave their country seek asylum in countries neighboring their country of nationality.
The rise of Nazism led to such a severe rise in refugees from Germany that in 1933 the League created a High Commission for Refugees Coming from Germany.
The Vietnamese refugees emigrated to Hong Kong, Israel, France, the United States, Canada, Australia, and other countries, creating sizable expatriate communities, notably in the United States.
The number of refugees fluctuated with the waves of the war, with thousands more fleeing after the Taliban takeover of 1996.
The Iran-Iraq war from 1980 to 1988, the 1990 Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, the first Gulf War and subsequent conflicts all generated hundreds of thousands if not millions of refugees.