Facts about Titanium
Titanium (IV) chloride (titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, sometimes called "Tickle") is a colourless, weakly acidic liquid which is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of titanium(IV) oxide for paint.
Titanium also has a tendency to bio-accumulate in tissues that contain silica but it does not play any known biological role in humans.
Commercially pure grades of titanium have an ultimate tensile strength equal to that of high strength low alloy steels, but are 43 percent lighter.
By 1956, U.S. production of titanium mill products was more than 6 million kg/yr.
About 95 percent of titanium production is consumed in the form of titanium dioxide (TiO2), an intensely white permanent pigment with good covering power in paints, paper, toothpaste, and plastics.
Significant titanium ore deposits exist in Australia, New Zealand, Scandinavia, North America, and Malaysia.
In 1950–1960s, the Soviet Union attempted to corner the world titanium market as a tactic in the Cold War to prevent the American military from utilizing it.
Use of titanium in consumer products such as tennis rackets, golf clubs, bicycles, laboratory equipment, wristwatches, wedding bands, and laptop computers is becoming more common.
Titanium alloyed with vanadium is used in the outer skin of aircraft, fire walls, landing gear, and hydraulic tubing.
The +4 oxidation state dominates in titanium chemistry, but compounds in the +3 oxidation state are also common.
Esters of titanium are formed by the reaction of alcohols and titanium tetrachloride and are used to waterproof fabrics.
Water and carbon dioxide-based methods to extinguish fires are ineffective on burning titanium; Class D dry powder fire fighting agents must be used instead.
Other compounds include; Titanium bromide (used in metallurgy, superalloys, and high-temperature electrical wiring and coatings) and titanium carbide (found in high-temperature cutting tools and coatings).
Titanium was discovered at Creed, Cornwall, in England, by amateur geologist Reverend William Gregor in 1791.
Like those made from steel, titanium structures have a fatigue limit which guarantees longevity in some applications.
The isotopes of titanium range in atomic weight from 39.99 amu (40Ti) to 57.966 amu (58Ti).
Titanium is 60 percent heavier than aluminum, but more than twice as strong as 6061-T6 aluminum alloy; these numbers can vary quite substantially due to different alloy compositions and processing variables.
Titanium oxide is produced commercially by grinding its mineral ore and mixing it with potassium carbonate and aqueous hydrofluoric acid.
Titanium is resistant to dilute sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, along with chlorine gas, chloride solutions, and most organic acids.
Titanium's properties are chemically and physically similar to those of zirconium.
Titanium also forms a lower chloride, titanium(III) chloride (TiCl3), which is used as a reducing agent.
Paint made with titanium dioxide does well in severe temperatures, is somewhat self-cleaning, and stands up to marine environments.
Titanium (chemical symbol Ti, atomic number 22) is a silvery-white, lustrous metal.
One of titanium's most notable characteristics is that it is as strong as steel but is only 60 percent its density.
Pure titanium dioxide has a very high index of refraction and an optical dispersion higher than diamond.
Titanium is also found in coal ash, plants, and even the human body (while harmless, it is not believed to be an essential element).
Salts of titanium are often considered to be relatively harmless but its chlorine compounds, such as TiCl2, TiCl3 and TiCl4, have unusual hazards.
Naturally occurring titanium is composed of 5 stable isotopes; 46Ti, 47Ti, 48Ti, 49Ti and 50Ti with 48Ti being the most abundant (73.8 percent natural abundance).
Star sapphires and rubies get their asterism from the titanium dioxide present in them.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao and the Cerritos Millennium Library were the first buildings in Europe and North America, respectively, to be sheathed in titanium panels.
Experiments have shown that natural titanium becomes radioactive after it is bombarded with deuterons, emitting mainly positrons and hard gamma rays.
Welded titanium pipe is used in the chemical industry for its corrosion resistance and is seeing growing use in petroleum drilling, especially offshore, for its strength, light weight, and corrosion resistance.
Titanium metal is, therefore, produced commercially by the Kroll process, a complex and expensive batch process developed in 1946, by William Justin Kroll.
Pure metallic titanium (99.9 percent) was first prepared in 1910, by Matthew A.
Titanium is often alloyed with aluminum (to refine grain size), vanadium, copper (to harden), iron, manganese, molybdenum, and with other metals.
Some fun titanium facts: Titanium was discovered in 1791 by Mr.Gregor, but it was not named until 1795. It was first isolated by Hunter in 1910, by heating TiCl4 with sodium in a steel bomb at temperatures from 700-800 C. That's pretty hot! Titanium is the ninth most abundant metal in the earth's crust.
Titanium metal is a very durable metal for engineering applications because this metal is corrosion-resistant and also this metal is very strong and very light. It is 40% lighter than steel but as strong as high-strength steel. So titanium finds applications in things like aerospace.Sep 17, 2009
In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the demand for titanium and titanium alloys, primarily used in aircraft and aerospace applications. The price of commercially pure titanium (CP) has risen sharply since 2003 to 2014, from $15.00 per lb to $30.00 per lb.
Uses of Titanium. Titanium metal is used as an alloying agent with metals including aluminum, iron, molybdenum and manganese. ... Titanium is used in several everyday products such as drill bits, bicycles, golf clubs, watches and laptop computers.
Titanium is as strong as steel but much less dense. It is therefore important as an alloying agent with many metals including aluminium, molybdenum and iron. These alloys are mainly used in aircraft, spacecraft and missiles because of their low density and ability to withstand extremes of temperature.
Is Titanium Basically Bulletproof? Titanium is strong and super light and has a cool name but is it bulletproof? Demolition Ranch tries to puncture a hole in a 1 1/4-inch thick titanium plate by shooting different caliber bullets and guns at it and the results are pretty impressive. ... Titanium, very impressive.Jan 26, 2016
Hardness - Both titanium and tungsten carbide are considerably harder than precious metals like gold and platinum. However, tungsten carbide is one of the hardest materials in existence and substantially harder than titanium, registering a 9 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness (compared to titanium's score of 6).
Commercially pure (99.2% pure) grades of titanium have ultimate tensile strength of about 434 MPa (63,000 psi), equal to that of common, low-grade steel alloys, but are less dense. Titanium is 60% denser than aluminium, but more than twice as strong as the most commonly used 6061-T6 aluminium alloy.
(it seems like a diamond is somewhat stronger…) Actually Titanium is not stronger nor harder than a good grade steel, the only advantage it has over steel is the fact it is a much lighter metal with similar to steel qualities. Though it doesn't even come close to a Diamond in strength or hardness.