The Sumerians were an ancient people that occupied Sumer, that is, the southern region of Mesopotamia, which is now southern Iraq. read more
The Sumerians were also the builders of the city-state of Ur and the Ziggurat of Ur, an impressive structure built in the worship of the Sumerian moon deity, Nanna. Archeology suggests that the Sumerians were powerful warriors, skilled at agriculture, architecture, and literature. read more
References to a people called Meluhha also appear in Sumerian writings. The word Mleccha, in Sanskrit (per Monier-Williams' Sanskrit-English dictionary), means a non-Hindu barbarian. This may have been a reference to people living in ancient Turkey, Afghanistan and Iran who spoke non-Indo-Iranian languages; Sumerians, Hurrians, Akkadians, Elamites, Gutians, and the like. read more