Can someone simplify how the bronze age collapsed?

The short answer is we don’t really know. There are a number of prominent theories in historical literature, but it’s not an easy “X happened and then Y” sort of scenario. read more

The Phoenician city-states and the Aramaeans seem to have fared better than many others. EHC: Well, the main legacy seems have been the Philistines and their culture, for the group among the Sea Peoples that the Egyptians called the Peleset are probably the group that we know as the Philistines from the Bible. read more

Much of Bronze Age civilization did not collapse. Elam, Assyria, Babylonia survived.. The iron evolution and the (likely unrelated) evolution of cavalry, meant the Fertile Crescent was destined to be threatened by Central Asia for the next 3000 years. read more

The Late Bronze Age Collapse, often alternately referred to as the Mycenaean Palatial Civilization Collapse, was a period of time — roughly between the years of 1250-1000 BC (3250-3000 years ago) — that was violent, and catastrophically disruptive with regard to cultures, social systems/practices, government institutions, languages, ethnic identities, trade routes, literacy, and technologies. read more