Since we have no physical theory that can take us all the way back to the initial conditions down to the instant the our universe began, the best we can say is that we don't know. read more
No, the original expansionary Big Bang (matter was claimed to be ratifying or expanding into curved space) did not respect the laws of thermodynamics, but this theory as originally formulated has already been completely falsified. read more
For a theory about the universe to violate the first law of thermodynamics, the theory must stipulate two distinct points in time (call them \(T_1\) and \(T_2\) such that the total energy of the universe at \(T_1\) and the total energy of the universe at \(T_2\) do not match one another. read more
The Second Law of Thermodynamics, on the other hand, lends theoretical (albeit inconclusive) support to the idea of a finite universe originating in a Big Bang type event. read more