Does poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac grow in Europe?

They are plants of the Toxicodendron genus, you can find delails on their diffusion in Toxicodendron - Wikipedia, and the links to the individual species. (T. radicans, T. diversilobum, T. vernix). Their diffusion is limited to North America. read more

They are not native in Europe, but in there is one location in the Netherlands where poison ivy was planted in the early 20th century to control erosion of a dike, perhaps as an experiment. Today it is thriving there but it is not known to occur elsewhere in the country, so apparently the plant does not form viable seeds in the Netherlands. read more

The leaves of this plant look a lot like oak leaves, and like poison ivy, they usually grow in clusters of three. But some kinds of poison oak have five, seven or nine leaves per cluster. Poison oak usually grows as a shrub in the Southeast or along the West Coast. read more

In spring, the leaves can be red or green. The plant produces small flowers that are white, yellow, or green. During the summer, the leaves are green and the plant grows berries. In late summer, the leaves turn red and orange. Like poison ivy and poison sumac, poison oak releases an oil called urushiol when damaged. read more