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How are rubies made?

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Geologists simply do not know. That rubies even exist, says Peter Heaney, geosciences professor at Penn State University, is something of a “minor geological miracle.” Rubies are a type of corundum, a rare mineral made up of densely packed aluminum and oxygen atoms, which are normally colorless. read more

Lab created rubies are made by combining a specific recipe of minerals, in order to produce a fiery red variety of lab grown crystals. There are two types of lab created rubies, which use different types of processing to create the red crystals. Both processes use the basic minerals necessary to create the red color associated with the ruby. read more

Rubies are made from corundum or aluminum oxide. The corundum attains the distinctive ruby red color when chromium displaces some of the aluminum ions in the aluminum oxide; this process is called isomorphous replacement. read more

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