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How can an EMP penetrate a Faraday cage?

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Against any EMP? No. As an undergrad, I worked on EM field sensors comprised entirely of optical components, so as not to perturb the fields being measured. One of the big DoD labs paid us for the research and did tests with our devices out at White Sands. read more

A Faraday cage is a start for protection against electromagnetic inteference, including EMP. For passive devices, a Faraday cage should be sufficient, if properly designed. However for active devices, one also has to worry about protecting input/outputs given the wires can act as antennas coupling electromagnetic radiation. read more

Several Ways: If the Faraday Cage is built with a wire mesh, then the mesh spacing should be designed to be less than lamba/10 where lamda is the peak wavelength of the EMP (take a look at the attached link). read more

Ideally, a Faraday cage would divert the energy from an electromagnetic pulse and prevent damage to the electronics within. Faraday cages are containers made of a conducting material, typically copper or aluminum sheets or mesh, with the conducting material altering the alignment of electrical charges inside to counteract the incoming energy pulse. read more

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