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How did the Earth's crust form?

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Deep beneath Alaska's Aleutian Islands, down where the pressure and temperatures have become so high that rock starts to flow, new continental crust is being born. read more

And this crust is extremely thin. around 35 to 65 kilometers thick at the continents, and much, much thinner under the oceans. Compare that to around 6000 kilometers from the bottom of the crust to the core of the Earth. Think of it as standing on a chicken's egg. read more

In addition many models have been proposed that estimate the average composition of continental crust through time. read more

Earth's crust is Earth's hard outer layer. It is less than 1% of Earth's volume. The crust is made up of different types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Below the crust is the mantle. The upper part of the mantle is made up of peridotite, a rock denser than rocks common in the crust. read more

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