How does a priest differ from a rabbi?

If the rabbi has a nice voice, and no one else has priority, the rabbi may even lead the services. The state gives rabbis the permission to perform weddings and so on since the state trusts them. Priests are male descendants from Aaron, the brother of Moses. They are usually called cohanim [cohen singular]. read more

I’m going to answer assuming the question is about a Rabbi vs. a Jewish Priest (also called a Kohen). Once a Rabbi was a member of The Jewish Supreme Court. These were the rabbis of the Talmud. The Rabbinic era can be said to have begun with The Great Assembly during the era of Mordechai. Today a Rabbi is a recognized scholar in some area of Judaism. read more

A rabbi has no actual powers in the written Torah, although the Talmud does provide the Rabbi with the authority to make interpretations of Torah (which, in Orthodoxy, provides authority). Rabbis are, however, ordained (a term used in the progressive communities) or given semichah. read more

Unlike priests, rabbis at that time did not receive payment for their teaching; they were expected to have a secular job instead (notice that Paul was a tentmaker [Acts 18:2-3; see also 1 Cor 9:3-15]). Rabbis and priests tended to have different theological beliefs. read more