This type of mutation occurs when the addition or loss of DNA bases changes a gene's reading frame. A reading frame consists of groups of 3 bases that each code for one amino acid. A frameshift mutation shifts the grouping of these bases and changes the code for amino acids. read more
The types of mutations include: Missense mutation. This type of mutation is a change in one DNA base pair that results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein made by a gene. Nonsense mutation. A nonsense mutation is also a change in one DNA base pair. read more
Duplication of genes. When there is an increase in the number of copies of a gene. Deletions of large regions of the chromosome. Loss of one copy of a gene in an organism that previously had two copies. Loss of both copies of the same gene. Movement of sections of DNA from one location to another. Addition of an extra copy of a chromosome. read more