This shuffling known as genetic crossover leads to genetic diversity. Meiosis I: The cell then splits into two daughter cells with each one getting half of the shuffled chromosomes (23 pairs again). Meiosos II: Each daughter cell splits in half. read more
At the time of First Prophase, and we call it Pachytene ,its just one of the phases of Prophase 1, Pachytene is the phase of first prophase when "Crossing Over" occurs which causes the variations in your genes ,as well as, in mine. read more
There are three sources of genetic variation in meiosis:1) Independent assortment = like shuffling a deck of cards and dealing out half the deck2) Crossing over = homologous chromosomes swap parts, making new combinations3) Random fertilization = only one sperm cell makes it into the egg. read more