Dogs go through their developmental stages much more quickly than humans do, attaining their full emotional range by the time they are 4 to 6 months old. Much like a human toddler, a dog has the basic emotions: joy, fear, anger, disgust, excitement, contentment, distress, and even love. read more
Given how responsive our dogs are to us, it’s tempting to believe that they do understand us, and indeed dogs pass several theory of mind “tests” (imitation, deception, role-taking, responding to begging) – in some instances, more convincingly than chimpanzees do. read more