I managed to find this article from National Geographic which I think might help: A comparison of Neanderthal anatomy to modern human anatomy. read more
The Neanderthal version of these genes may have helped our ancestors thrive in parts of the world that they were not familiar with but that Neanderthals had already adapted to."Neanderthals had been in these environments for hundreds or thousands of years," says Sankararaman. read more
Neanderthals did not (as far as we know!) smoke cigarettes, but one of the gene variants they passed on to modern humans is associated with the difficulty in trying to stop smoking. What particular function this mutation originally had in Neanderthals is a mystery. read more