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What function does manganese dioxide have in batteries?

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In an alkaline battery, the negative electrode is zinc (anode) and the positive electrode manganese dioxide (cathode). read more

The alkaline-manganese dioxide battery was introduced in the early 1960’s and remains in a strong position in today’s battery market. Theoretically, alkaline-manganese dioxide cells have a higher capacity than Leclanche, or zinc-carbon cells, of similar sizes. read more

Electrolytic manganese dioxide. Electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) is used in zinc–carbon batteries together with zinc chloride and ammonium chloride. EMD is commonly used in zinc manganese dioxide rechargeable alkaline (Zn RAM) cells also. For these applications, purity is extremely important. read more

Manganese has many valence states from 0 to +7 Manganese Dioxide is Manganese plus 4. you might say half range. It can be oxidized or reduced. read more

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Leclanche cell | battery | Britannica.com
Source: britannica.com