The simplest differentiation between meteorology and astronomy is the subject matter. The subject matter of meteorology is the atmosphere. The subject matter of astronomy is all natural objects above the atmosphere. read more
While Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of stars, planets, comets, galaxies, ect. However there is a connection between meteorology and astronomy and that is that astronomy can be concerned with parts of the Earth's atmosphere as well. read more
Meteorology is basically the study of the behavior of our atmosphere, and astronomy is the study of everything outside our atmosphere, which is a good hint. Our atmosphere is strongly dependent on one particular star, our sun, so understanding the atmosphere requires understanding the sun. read more