If I am not mistaken, in 30% of the world countries, homophobia is illegal even today. With many US allies homosexuality is even a capital offense, and not just on paper, far from that. read more
Culture is everything. We are deeply cultural animals, so to that extent, homophobia does only stem from culture. And the lack of understanding, in turn, stems from what culture has shaped : norms in which men are with women and vice versa. read more
One psychoanalytic explanation is that anxiety about the possibility of being or becoming a homosexual may be a major factor in homophobia. For example, de Kuyper (1993) has asserted that homophobia is the result of the remnants of homosexuality in the heterosexual resolution of the Oedipal conflict. read more