Jupiter upper atmosphere is made of up to 90% hydrogen, with 10% helium, and then other gases like ammonia. The bands and storms that we can see on the planet are all generated in the upper atmosphere. The gravity at Jupiter's surface is 2.5 times the gravity on Earth. read more
The large storms like the Great Red Spot occur within this layer; although it’s thought they may dredge up material from deeper down inside the planet. If you could stand on the surface of Jupiter, you would experience intense gravity. The gravity at Jupiter’s surface is 2.5 times the gravity on Earth. read more
By convention, Jupiter’s surface is defined as the beginning of its opaque cloud systems — but we can go deeper than that. About 500 kilometers over the dense cloud cover, we enter Jupiter’s troposphere, and keep diving. read more