Stethoscope, EKG, treadmill test, ultrasound imaging (external and intravascular or IVUS), angiogram (radio-opaque dye injection + fluoroscopy), cath lab, stents, cardiac ablation for atrial fibrillation, vascular deployment of replacement valves. Basically if it is intravascular, it belongs to the cardiologist. read more
Newly-minted cardiologists must typically pass a series of different exams in order to earn a license, and in most places that license must be renewed on a fairly regular basis. The science and technology of heart health changes almost constantly, and most governments and medical regulatory authorities want to be sure that all licensed experts have knowledge that is both comprehensive and up to date. read more
During a stress test, the patient perform simple exercises while hooked up to a monitoring device. Changes in heart patterns based on the level of activity help the cardiologist recognize any potential problems. In addition to EKGs, cardiologists use blood tests, ultrasound imaging and chest X-rays to determine cardiovascular disorders. read more