A topographic map show the physical shape of the land it maps. The height of the land (relief) is usually shown using contour lines, but some maps still use shading schemes to designate height, or a combination of the two. read more
Contour lines join points with the same values/characteristics from an area on a map representation. On topographic maps they join points with the same elevation, as shown in this 2d/3d image comparison. read more