I presume you specifically mean space missions, and Robert Frost's answer is excellent. However, NASA also does aeronautics flight research. Even before NASA started in 1958, its precursor, NACA, was conducting flight tests with airplanes. The most famous examples are the X-planes, starting with the X-1 flying ... read more
Mission control is one part of the Dryden Aeronautical Test Range. Many projects use IADS software to monitor telemetry, but some projects use other COTS software, software provided by the aircraft builder (e.g. Boeing, Lockheed Martin), or software developed in-house at AFRC. read more
Numerous Missions are flying. NASA does not develop operating systems. It uses vendor supplied OSes. It finally got around to adopting TCP/IP. Most MCCs are air gapped for security. This also means some hardware requirements forbid certain peripherals, and certain coding styles (like dynamic memory) are forbidden. read more
Control System Toolbox: Control System Toolbox™ provides industry-standard algorithms and tools for systematically analyzing, designing, and tuning linear control systems. You can specify your system as a transfer function, state-space, pole-zero-gain, or frequency-response model. read more