Where are valence electrons located in an atom?

To find valence electrons using a period table, first see if your atom is a transitional metal, which are the elements in the middle rectangle of the table. If the atom is outside this block, locate its group number along the top of the table. The ones digit in the group number is the number of valence electrons. read more

A nonmetal atom tends to attract additional valence electrons to attain a full valence shell; this can be achieved in one of two ways: An atom can either share electrons with a neighboring atom (a covalent bond), or it can remove electrons from another atom (an ionic bond). read more

They are the outmost electrons so they are found furthest away from the center of the atom. read more