The respiratory system of invertebrates is most likely a limiting factor in invertebrate brain size and complexity. read more
For humans, the brain takes more energy than any other organ to maintain - if a resting body uses 1300 calories a day, 300 of those go to the brain. 20% energy is more than an organism with no lungs, an open circulatory system, and a simple digestive system can support. read more
From “Intelligence is today’s unknown country” (Salvo 23) Some invertebrates, especially mollusks, are also unexpectedly intelligent. read more
Animals can be classified into two main groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. The main difference between vertebrates and invertebrates is that invertebrates, like insects and flatworms, do not have a backbone or a spinal column. Examples of vertebrates include humans, birds, and snakes. read more