Hunter gatherers require an extremely large range with extremely low population density. The estimates I have read is that when foragers reigned, the population on earth was about ten million. This is less than some cities today. read more
Anatomically, we remain broadly “palaeolithic”, much as we were before towns or large-scale farming developed about 5,000-10,000 years ago. Photograph: Coco Van Oppens / BBC Modernity marches on: for the first time in human history, more of us live in towns than in rural communities. read more
If by cavemen, you mean prehistoric or primitive humans, then no. Cavemen lived in caves, and forests, and fields, and meadows, and mountains, and just about anywhere they could find or build shelters. Keep in mind that people first evolved on the savannahs of Africa where caves are scarce. Prior to agriculture, people had to hunt and gather food. read more
Caveman-like heraldic "wild men" were found in European and African iconography for hundreds of years. During the Middle Ages, these creatures were generally depicted in art and literature as bearded and covered in hair, and often wielding clubs and dwelling in caves. read more