Why did the confederacy have more casualties?

The Battle of Gettysburg is novel relative to this question because unlike many other battles, the Confederates were on the attack all three days and thus were likely to have suffered greater casualty rates. read more

The vast majority of CSA casualties were from capture. Ulysses S Grant captured two entire Confederate armies-at Fort Donelson, and then again at Vicksburg. Casualty rates increased as the war went on-soldier quality, medical care, and logistics deteriorated as it became a war of attrition. read more

A key is to look at the Lancaster equations, and find the average Confederate soldier, as employed, was shooting more casualties than the average Union soldier-- particularly if one acknowledges that the defense had the advantage. read more