Why don't deer and other mammals get frost bite in the snow?

A significant number of mammals (including deer) use a little evolutionary invention called countercurrent exchange. read more

Deer and many other mammals have a way of regulating their body temperature through a counter current heat exchange in their legs which allows there to be minimal heat loss through their legs and hoofs. read more

Some animals like small rodents live beneath the snow where the temperature hovers around the freezing point even though it might be 20 below freezing (the subnivean zone), etc. the biggest factor is insulation with incredibly thick fur. read more

That's why, for example, we don't breed massive herds of horses for the slaughter. People's affections for the animals aside, growing a horse to full size takes longer than getting a cow to full size. Pound for pound, cattle is much more efficient at eating than most other land mammals. read more