I have a fever” is a set phrase .Set phrases are exceptions than the normal rules . These exceptions are to be used as directed. No question of why and how. If you too grammarian you have another answer: “ I have fever. read more
The child has a fever or the child has fever. Both are correct. Other examples : It’s nothing but a fever dream," she cried. She was fighting a fever, one that made it hard for her to focus. The strange fever remained, making her feel as if she'd been sitting in a sauna for hours. read more