There are three major types of cartilage: hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline Cartilage Hyaline cartilage is the most widespread cartilage type and, in adults, it forms the articular surfaces of long bones, the rib tips, the rings of the trachea, and parts of the skull.
In an animal cell, the cytoplasm is a semi-liquid substance that holds all the cell's organelles except the nucleus. It also acts as a repository for amino acids, sugars and other important nutrients used in the regular life of the cell. Finally, the cytoplasm stores a cell's waste until it is ...
Golgi apparatus, also called Golgi complex or Golgi body, membrane-bound organelle of eukaryotic cells (cells with clearly defined nuclei) that is made up of a series of flattened, stacked pouches called cisternae.
A lysosome is an organelle in an animal cell that contains enzymes to break down outside materials that enter the cell, as well as obsolete cell material. The lysosome acts as the digestive system for the cell, consuming proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.
Mitochondria are specialized structures unique to the cells of animals, plants and fungi. They serve as batteries, powering various functions of the cell and the organism as a whole. Though mitochondria are an integral part of the cell, evidence shows that they evolved from primitive bacteria.
FACTS: There are three kinds of muscle cells: cardiac (the involuntary thumping muscles found in the heart), smooth (the involuntary muscles such as those that line blood vessels, the gastro-intestinal tract, and the lungs) and skeletal (the familiar muscles attached by tendons to bones). But skeletal muscle cells are the most common.
Animal nerve cells are specialized cells called neurons. Depending upon function, these cells can be divided into sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. These three types of nerve cells coordinate with each other to receive external stimuli and to transmit the impulse to muscles or glands of the body for an appropriate response to the stimulus.
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Animal Cell Nucleus The nucleus is a highly specialized organelle that serves as the information and administrative center of the cell. This organelle has two major functions. It stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities, which include intermediary metabolism, growth, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division).
Plasma membrane can be defined as a biological membrane or an outer membrane of a cell, which is composed of two layers of phospholipids and embedded with proteins. It is a thin semi permeable membrane layer, which surrounds the cytoplasm and other constituents of the cell.
Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are the smallest cell type in the blood. Other major blood components include plasma, white blood cells, and red blood cells. The primary function of platelets is to aid in the blood clotting process. When activated, these cells adhere to one another to block the flow of blood from damaged blood vessels.
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) The red blood cells are highly specialized, well adapted for their primary function of transporting oxygen from the lungs to all of the body tissues. Red cells are approximately 7.8 μm (1 μm = 0.000039 inch) in diameter and have the form of biconcave disks, a shape that provides a large surface-to-volume ratio.
Ribsomes of animal cells are also made of two subunits large (60S) and small (40S. When there is need for proteins ina cell, the mRNA is produced in the nucleus and is sent to the cell and the ribosomes.
When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential either to remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, or a brain cell. Stem cells are distinguished from other cell types by two important characteristics.
White blood cells (leukocytes) are cells that are part of the body's immune system, which fights disease and infection.