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Types of Antimicrobials

Aminoglycosides
Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides What are Aminoglycosides? Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics used mainly in the treatment of aerobic gram-negative bacilli infections, although they are also effective against other bacteria including Staphylococci and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

source: drugs.com
Beta-Lactams
Beta-Lactams

Inhibition of cross-linkage by β-lactams causes a build-up of peptidoglycan ... This is a benefit over clavulanic acid and similar beta-lactam competitors, ...

Cephalosporins Such as Cephalexin (Keflex)
Cephalosporins Such as Cephalexin (Keflex)

KEFLEX® (cephalexin) Capsules. DESCRIPTION. KEFLEX® (cephalexin) Capsules, USP is a semisynthetic cephalosporin antibacterial drug intended for oral administration. It is 7-(D-α-Amino-α-phenylacetamido)-3-methyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid monohydrate.

source: rxlist.com
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones are drugs approved for the treatment or prevention of certain bacterial infections. Like other antibacterial drugs, fluoroquinolones do not treat viral infections such as colds or flu.

source: fda.gov
image: veraflox.com
Fluoroquinolones Such as Ciprofolxacin
Fluoroquinolones Such as Ciprofolxacin

Among the most common prescribed antibiotics in the U.S. that can cause severe side effects are fluoroquinolones, such as Cipro, Avelox, and Levaquin. Among the most common prescribed antibiotics in the U.S. that can cause severe side effects are fluoroquinolones, such as Cipro, Avelox, and Levaquin.

Macrolides
Macrolides

Macrolides are a class of antibiotics derived from Saccharopolyspora erythraea (originally called Streptomyces erythreus), a type of soil-borne bacteria. Macrolides inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by reversibly binding to the P site of the 50S unit of the ribosome.

source: drugs.com
Macrolides Such as Erythromycin (E
Macrolides Such as Erythromycin (E

Macrolides mainly affect gram-positive cocci and intracellular pathogens such as mycoplasma, chlamydia, and legionella. Erythromycin was the first macrolide discovered; other macrolides include azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin.

source: drugs.com
Penicillins Such as Penicillin and Amoxicillin
Penicillins Such as Penicillin and Amoxicillin

Tomasz A. The mechanism of the irreversible antimicrobial effects of penicillin: how the beta-lactam antibiotics kill and lyse bacteria. Ann Rev Microbiol 1979a;33:113-37. 235. Tomasz A. From penicillin-binding proteins to the lysis and death of bacteria: a 1979 view. Rev Infect Dis 1979b;1:434-67. 236.

image: koper.gr
Tetracyclines
Tetracyclines

Tetracyclines should be used with caution in those with liver impairment and those that are soluble in water and urine worsen renal failure (this is not true of the lipid-soluble agents doxycycline and minocycline).

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