Types of Brass Instruments
The baritone horn, or sometimes just called baritone, is a low-pitched brass instrument in the saxhorn family. It is a piston-valve brass instrument with a bore that is mostly conical, like the flugelhorn and alto (tenor) horn, but is narrower than the conical bore of the euphonium.
The specific character of a movement is often defined by wind instruments, such as oboe, oboe da caccia, oboe d'amore, flauto traverso, recorder, trumpet, horn, trombone, and timpani. For Bach, some instruments carry symbolic meaning such as a trumpet, the royal instrument of the Baroque, for secular and divine majesty: three trumpets for the Trinity.
Buccin in the musical instrument collection of the Landesmuseum Württemberg, Stuttgart. In the New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Arnold Myers (2001) devotes but two sentences to this type of buccin: "A form of trombone with a bell terminating in a stylized serpent’s or dragon’s head, often with a metal tongue, free to flap, protruding.
The bugle is one of the simplest brass instruments, having no valves or other pitch-altering devices. All pitch control is done by varying the player's embouchure. Consequently, the bugle is limited to notes within the harmonic series.
The later buisine was made of brass, copper, or silver. ... reed, or wood, with a horn or gourd bell, as well as for the Western brass instrument. The ...
The carnyx was a wind instrument of the Iron Age Celts, used between c. 200 BC and c. AD 200. It was a type of bronze trumpet with an elongated S shape, held so that the long straight central portion was vertical and the short mouthpiece end section and the much wider bell were horizontal in opposed directions.
The contrabass bugle (usually shortened to contra or simply called the marching tuba) is the lowest-pitched instrument in the drum and bugle corps and marching band hornline.
Most modern brass instruments are considerably longer than the cornett, which permits the use of harmonics, the sound being altered by slides or valves to control the pitch. The Baroque era was relatively tolerant of bright or extroverted tonal quality, as the surviving pipe organs of the time attest.
The cornettino (plural cornettini) was the descant instrument of the cornetto family. Cornettini usually featured a primary scale of C or D major, with middle C or the adjacent D the pedal note of the instrument.
The euphonium is a large, conical-bore, baritone-voiced brass instrument that derives its name from the Ancient Greek word εὔφωνος euphōnos, meaning "well-sounding" or "sweet-voiced" (εὖ eu means "well" or "good" and φωνή phōnē means "sound", hence "of good sound"). The euphonium is a valved instrument.
Fiscorn (Catalan pronunciation: ) is a Catalan instrument. While the term also designates the modern flugelhorn, the term today in Catalonia commonly refers to a conical bell forward rotary valved brass instrument (bass-flugelhorn) in C played in the cobla (Catalan wind orchestra) to accompany the sardana (Catalan folk dance).
The flugelhorn (/ ˈ f l uː ɡ əl h ɔːr n / —also spelled fluegelhorn, flugel horn, or Flügelhorn—from German, wing horn, or flank horn German pronunciation: [ˈflyːɡl̩hɔʁn]) is a brass instrument pitched in B ♭ which resembles a trumpet, but has a wider, conical bore.
The French horn (as distinct from the German and Vienna horns), is also usually referred to simply as the "horn" by orchestral players. The bore of the French horn is small, between 10.8 and 11 mm, compared to 11.5 mm for the German horn, but not as small as the Vienna horn at 10.7 mm.
The jazzophone is a comparatively rare sax-shaped double-belled brass instrument, with a trumpet-like mouthpiece. One bell is left open, while the other bell uses a harmon mute with a stem on a trigger that produces a "wah-wah" type effect.
The kakaki is a three to four metre long metal trumpet used in Hausa traditional ceremonial music. Kakaki is the name used in Chad, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin Niger, and Nigeria. The instrument is also known as waza in Chad and Sudan, and malakat in Ethiopia.
Kangling (Tibetan: རྐང་གླིང།, Wylie: rkang-gling), literally translated as "leg" (kang) "flute" (ling), is the Tibetan name for a trumpet or horn made out of a human femur, used in Tibetan Buddhism for various chöd rituals as well as funerals performed by a chöpa.
Keyed or Fingered brass instruments used holes along the body of the instrument, which were covered by fingers or by finger-operated pads (keys) in a similar way to a woodwind instrument. These included the cornett, serpent, ophicleide, keyed bugle and keyed trumpet.
The Kuhlohorn (also Kuhlo-Flügelhorn) is a thin Flügelhorn (musical instrument), traditionally in B flat. This is a specially designed brass wind-instrument played using a deep bowled mouth piece. Chief characteristics are its oval design and integrated, usually conical tubing.
The marching euphonium is a musical instrument of the brass family. It is a staple in college marching bands across the United States today. Physically, it does not resemble an upright euphonium, and is played standing and moving, much like a trumpet, but it is larger in size, shape, bore and sound.
The mellophone is used as the middle-voiced brass instrument in marching bands and drum and bugle corps in place of French horns, and can also be used to play French horn parts in concert bands and orchestras.
Natural brass instruments only play notes in the instrument's harmonic series. These include the bugle and older variants of the trumpet and horn. The trumpet was a natural brass instrument prior to about 1795, and the horn before about 1820.
The natural trumpet is differentiated from another valveless brass instrument, the bugle, in that it is nearly twice the length. This places the higher harmonics (from the 8th harmonic up, which are closer together in pitch) in a playable range, enabling the performance of diatonic melodies.
The ophicleide (/ ˈ ɒ f ɪ k l aɪ d / OFF-i-klyde) is a keyed brass instrument similar to the tuba.It is a conical-bore keyed instrument belonging to the bugle family and has a similar shape to the sudrophone
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The post horn (also post-horn) is a valveless cylindrical brass instrument with a cupped mouthpiece. The instrument was used to signal the arrival or departure of a post rider or mail coach. It was used especially by postilions of the 18th and 19th centuries.
A brass instrument is a musical instrument that uses a cupped mouthpiece shaped in a way that allows the player's lips to vibrate to generate the instrument's sound.
Tuba: Contrary to the modern use of the word, the Roman tuba was a long, straight horn usually made of bronze and averaging about four feet long and had a detachable bone mouthpiece. It was brought into military prominence around 500 B.C. as a giver of signals, such as the charge and retreat and changing of the guard.
Sackbut", originally a French term, was used in England until the instrument fell into disuse in the 1700s; when it returned, the Italian term "trombone" became dominant. In modern English, an older trombone or its replica is called a sackbut.
Saxhorn, any of a family of brass wind instruments patented by the Belgian instrument-maker Antoine-Joseph Sax, known as Adolphe Sax, in Paris in 1845.
These are brass instruments with mouth-piece, and with three, four, ... Edinburgh University Collection of Historic Musical Instruments: saxhorn or saxotromba
The serpent is a bass wind instrument, descended from the cornett, and a distant ancestor of the tuba, with a mouthpiece like a brass instrument but side holes like a woodwind. It is usually a long cone bent into a snakelike shape, hence the name.
Slide brass instruments use a slide to change the length of tubing. The main instruments in this category are the trombone family, though valve trombones are occasionally used, especially in jazz. The trombone family's ancestor, the sackbut, and the folk instrument bazooka are also in the slide family.
Very similar to the standard B ♭ cornet, it too is a transposing instrument, but pitched higher, in E ♭. A single soprano cornet is usually seen in brass bands and silver bands and can often be found playing lead or descant parts in ensembles.
The Sotone is a model of French horn made by the British firm Boosey and Hawkes during the late 19th and early 20th century. It is based on the natural horn, and plays a good deal closer to the way a natural horn does than a conventional French horn.
The sousaphone (US: / ˈ s uː z ə f oʊ n /) is a brass instrument in the same family as the more widely known tuba.
The subcontrabass tuba is an extension of the tuba family within the modern contrabass tuba. At least five known examples have been created, all pitched in BBBb, sounding a full octave lower than standard BBb contrabass tubas. Music for them is written in bass clef sounding a full octave lower than notated.
The sudrophone is a brass instrument invented by François Sudre (1844–1912). Its shape resembles that of an ophicleide. It was patented in 1892. It has a cylindrical bore and four Perinet valves. Its length is 86 cm and the bell diameter is 17 cm.
The Superbone is a hybrid trombone. It has the slide mechanism of a standard trombone and the valve mechanism of a valve trombone. Larry Ramirez of the Holton instrument company built the model TR 395 Superbone in the seventies in collaboration with Maynard Ferguson.
The cornett, cornetto, or zink is an early wind instrument that dates from the Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque periods, popular from 1500 to 1650. It was used in what are now called alta capellas or wind ensembles. It is not to be confused with the trumpet-like cornet. The sound of the cornett is produced by lip vibrations against a cup mouthpiece. A cornett consists of a conical wooden pipe covered in leather, is about 24 inches long, and has finger holes and a small horn or ivory mouthpiece.
The tenor horn (British English; alto horn in American English, Althorn in Germany; occasionally referred to as E ♭ horn) is a brass instrument in the saxhorn family, and is usually pitched in E ♭.
Trombone music is typically written in concert pitch in either bass or tenor clef, although exceptions do occur, notably in British brass-band music where tenor trombone is presented as a B ♭ transposing instrument, written in treble clef.
A brass instrument is a musical instrument that produces sound by sympathetic vibration of air in a tubular resonator in sympathy with the vibration of the player's lips. Brass instruments are also called labrosones, literally meaning "lip-vibrated instruments".
In this context, the tuba was sometimes called "brass bass", as opposed to the double bass (string bass). Many musicians played both instruments. In modern jazz, tubas usually fill the traditional bass role, though it is not uncommon for them to take solos.
Sound the tuba is largest and lowest pitched brass instrument. Horn is a brass instrument somewhat larger than trumpet so it's pitched lower certain low instruments such …
The valide trombone is a valve-slide hybrid combination trombone invented by jazz musician Brad Gowans. The valide is a predecessor of the Superbone but is not the same instrument.
The Vienna horn is a special horn used primarily in Vienna, Austria. Instead of using rotary valves or piston valves, it uses the Pumpenvalve (or Vienna Valve), which is a double-piston operating inside the valve slides, and usually situated on the opposite side of the corpus from the player's left hand, and operated by a long pushrod.
Vienna valve trombones use Vienna Valves which were one of the earliest valve systems used in wind instruments. These valves were first publicly reported in 1815 and valved trombones were first introduced in the late 1830s.
The Wagner tuba is an infrequently-used brass instrument that combines tonal elements of both the French horn and the trombone. Wagner tubas (or Wagnertuben) are also referred to as Wagner horns or Bayreuth tubas in English and as Bayreuth-Tuben or simply Tuben in German.