Types of Retardation

What is the difference between mental retardation and autism? I guess the simplest way to delineate the difference between the two is to define what each condition is.

Intellectual disability (ID), once called mental retardation, is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. People with intellectual disabilities can and do learn new skills, but they learn them more slowly.

Their brain may also not function within the normal range of both intellectual and adaptive functioning. In the past, medical professionals called this condition “mental retardation.” There are four levels of ID: mild, moderate, severe, and profound.

In children, epilepsy is one of the most prevalent major neurologic disorders, affecting 4 to 10 children per 1,000.1–4 The association between epilepsy and mental retardation (MR) or cerebral palsy (CP) is well recognized.

Delay in reaching language, thinking, and motor skills milestones is called developmental delay. Developmental delay may be caused by a variety of factors, including heredity, problems with pregnancy, and premature birth.

Down Syndrome and Mental Retardation: A Summary Most people with Down syndrome have IQs that fall in the mild to moderate range of mental retardation. Some are so mildly affected that they live independently and are gainfully employed.

Fanconi anaemia (FA) is a rare genetic disease resulting in impaired response to DNA damage. Although it is a very rare disorder, study of this and other bone marrow failure syndromes has improved scientific understanding of the mechanisms of normal bone marrow function and development of cancer.

Fetal Alcohol Effects can also be separated into two different categories: Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND) and Alcohol-Related Birth Defects (ARBD). What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome? Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is one of the most common causes of mental retardation and is the only one that is 100% preventable.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a result of high doses of alcohol consumption during pregnancy such as binge drinking and/or drinking on a regular basis. Fetal Alcohol Effects are a result of moderate drinking throughout pregnancy.

Fragile X syndrome is a genetic condition that causes a range of developmental problems including learning disabilities and cognitive impairment. Usually, males are more severely affected by this disorder than females.

Classical homocystinuria, also known as cystathionine beta synthase deficiency or CBS deficiency, is an inherited disorder of the metabolism of the amino acid methionine due to a deficiency of cystathionine beta synthase.

Hydrocephalus is a condition that occurs when fluid builds up in the skull and causes the brain to swell. The name means “water on the brain.” Brain damage can occur as a result of the fluid buildup. This can lead to developmental, physical, and intellectual impairments. It requires treatment to prevent serious complications.

Intellectual disability (ID), once called mental retardation, is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. People with intellectual disabilities can and do learn new skills, but they learn them more slowly.

Children with probable cause for retardation were excluded from the sample as were children with a history of lead poisoning. The group of mentally retarded children "etiology unknown" had statistically significant raised hair lead concentrations.

For most types of muscular dystrophy, symptoms start to show up in childhood or in the teen years. In general, children with the condition: In general, children with the condition: Fall down often

Phenylketonuria (fen-ul-key-toe-NU-ree-uh), also called PKU, is a rare inherited disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body. PKU is caused by a defect in the gene that helps create the enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine.

Spina bifida may be associated with other malformations as in dysmorphic syndromes, often resulting in spontaneous miscarriage. In the majority of cases, though, spina bifida is an isolated malformation.