Types of Validity
Concurrent validity is a concept commonly used in psychology, education, and social science. It refers to the extent to which the results of a particular test, or measurement, correspond to those of a previously established measurement for the same construct.
On content validity. Content validity is different from face validity, which refers not to what the test actually measures, but to what it superficially appears to measure.
Convergent Validity. To establish convergent validity, you need to show that measures that should be related are in reality related. In the figure below, we see four measures (each is an item on a scale) that all purport to reflect the construct of self esteem.
Convergent and discriminant validity are both considered subcategories or subtypes of construct validity.The important thing to recognize is that they work together -- if you can demonstrate that you have evidence for both convergent and discriminant validity, then you've by definition demonstrated that you have evidence for construct validity.
The face validity of a test can be considered a robust construct only if a reasonable level of agreement exists among raters. It should be noted that the term face validity should be avoided when the rating is done by "expert" as content validity is more appropriate.
Predictive validity. In psychometrics, predictive validity is the extent to which a score on a scale or test predicts scores on some criterion measure. For example, the validity of a cognitive test for job performance is the correlation between test scores and, for example, supervisor performance ratings.